Science / Space: Lunar exploration takes a leap with dual missions by SpaceX

On January 15, 2025, a Falcon 9 rocket from SpaceX launched two private lunar landers on a groundbreaking journey toward the Moon. The American Blue Ghost, developed by Firefly Aerospace, and the Japanese Resilience, from Ispace, marked a significant step in commercial lunar exploration.

The launch, conducted from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, is part of NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program, aimed at fostering private-sector involvement in lunar missions.

Blue Ghost, carrying cutting-edge scientific equipment, will investigate the Moon’s subsurface by drilling up to three meters deep in the Sea of Crises, where it is expected to land on March 2.

Its tools include instruments to study thermal properties and collect lunar dust for analysis.

Resilience, on the other hand, is set to explore the Sea of Cold (Mare Frigoris) later this year.

Among its payload are five innovative experiments, including a micro-rover named Tenacious, a food production trial, and an electrolytic system. It will also leave an artistic touch—a house model by Swedish artist Mikael Genberg—to adorn the lunar surface.

This mission is particularly crucial for Ispace, which is making a second attempt at a lunar landing after its Hakuto-R failed in 2023.

Both projects underline the expanding role of private companies in shaping the future of lunar exploration, pushing boundaries in science, technology, and art on Earth’s closest celestial neighbor.